Génétique humaine et Embryologie

Advances in DNA Sequencing Technologies: Revolutionizing Gene Mapping and Beyond

Abstract

Nelin Dexico*

DNA sequencing technologies have undergone remarkable advancements in recent years, revolutionizing the field of gene mapping and opening new avenues for genetic research. This paper provides an overview of the latest developments in DNA sequencing techniques and their impact on gene mapping and related fields. We discuss the evolution from Sanger sequencing to Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) platforms, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and applications. Furthermore, we explore the role of DNA sequencing in unraveling genetic variations, identifying disease-causing mutations, and elucidating complex traits through Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). The integration of DNA sequencing with bioinformatics tools has paved the way for efficient data analysis, enabling the identification of genetic markers, structural variants, and epigenetic modifications. We also discuss emerging trends such as long-read sequencing, single-cell sequencing, and nanopore sequencing, which promise to further enhance our understanding of genomic complexity.