Journal de pathogenèse microbienne

Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) has emerged as a concerning complication following breast augmentation surgery. While the exact etiology remains elusive, recent research has shed light on the potential role of bacterial colonization on breast implants in the pathogenesis of this rare lymphoma. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of bacterial involvement in BIA-ALCL development, exploring whether it serves as a coincidental witness or a crucial chauffeur in disease progression.

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by restricted food intake, distorted body image, and intense fear of gaining weight. While the exact etiology of AN remains multifactorial and incompletely understood, emerging evidence suggests a potential role of gut microbiome alterations in disease pathogenesis. In this review, we explore the gut microbiome changes associated with AN, focusing on microbial composition, diversity, and functional profiles. Through comprehensive analysis of available literature, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying gut dysbiosis in AN, including altered nutrient absorption, intestinal permeability, and immune function. Furthermore, we examine the implications of gut microbiome alterations in AN prognosis and treatment outcomes, highlighting the therapeutic potential of microbiota-targeted interventions in this complex psychiatric disorder.

Cough Variant Asthma (CVA) represents a distinct phenotype of asthma characterized by chronic cough as the sole or predominant symptom. While the pathophysiology of CVA remains incompletely understood, emerging evidence suggests a potential role of the gut-lung axis and alterations in the gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated microbiota changes in guinea pigs with experimentally induced CVA, focusing on the lung, ileum, and colon. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic analysis, we identified significant dysbiosis in all three compartments, with alterations in microbial composition and diversity. Our findings underscore the complex interplay between the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems in CVA and provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for modulating the gut microbiota to ameliorate asthma symptoms.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, resulting in muscle weakness and atrophy. While the exact etiology of ALS remains elusive, emerging evidence suggests a potential link between gut dysbiosis and disease progression. Gut-modulating agents, including probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary interventions, have garnered increasing interest for their potential to modulate the gut microbiota and influence ALS pathogenesis. This review explores current insights into the interplay between ALS and gut microbiota, highlighting the role of gut-modulating agents in preclinical and clinical studies. We discuss mechanisms underlying the gut-brain axis and how dysregulation may contribute to ALS pathology. Furthermore, we examine the therapeutic potential of targeting the gut microbiota as a novel approach for ALS treatment and propose future research directions in this emerging field.