Revue du Journal arabe des affaires et de la gestion

This study focused on the underdevelopment of the South East Nigeria occasioned by migration. It also brought to for the issue of brain drain which has taken many resourceful brains outside the shores of Nigeria. It explores the migration syndrome in juxtaposition with the surrounding material conditions as the study revealed. The authors gathered data from the five states of South East Nigeria through the homogenous purposive sampling technique using the Taro Yamane formula; the researchers arrived at the appropriate sample size for the population. The sample size of 400 respondents, eighty from each State was used to qualitatively arrive at the conclusions. The centre-periphery theory was used as the framework to guide the work. The recommendations are based on the findings and the need to regulate movement of professionals, workforce from the ages of 15-50 years. This calls for the encouragement of scholarly research and attendant public policies.

The BRICS have emerged as a major global force in the global economic arena, with the balance of economic power shifting dramatically towards Asia over the next decades. With 43 percent of the world’s population, 46% of the global labour force, 30% of the earth’s landmass and 25% of the world share of GDP, the BRICS countries, apart from complementing their respective economies in terms of resource exchange are also the major suppliers to the industrial world. With a cumulative global trade of 20 per cent and generating more than 40 per cent of global economic growth, the BRICS countries, and India specifically as a prominent global leader in trade, are poised to strengthen their relationship through intra-BRICS trade. Between 2001 and 2014 intra-BRICS trade increased nearly 15 times. It is increasing at an average rate of 28 percent annually and currently for USD 300 bn and also the bilateral investment flows among BRICS countries are also on rise - the total FDI inflows into BRICS reached a peak of US$ 322 billion in 2013. In this context the present paper makes an attempt to assess the intensity of trade relations between the BRICS countries and further hypothesize the potentiality of commodity trade among them with respect to 14 distinct sectors. The Study observes that the BRICS countries are complimentary rather than competitive to each other in the various sectors analyzed and presents a greater potential of multilateral trading regime among them which could accelerate the South-South trade.

The study investigated challenges and expectations of retirees in Rivers State. The study utilized simple random sampling method to select 150 retirees, of which 90 are male and 60 female. The “Retirees Perception of Retirement Challenges” (RPRC) was used for collection of data for the study. Test re-test method was used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained. The t-test statistics was used to test three null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that Null hypothesis two was significant, while hypotheses one and three were reported non-significant. Therefore, hypotheses one and three were accepted, while hypothesis two rejected. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made: (1) stress inoculation training should be conducted for retirees to manage life challenges of retirees, (2) Government should try to pay pension and gratuities due to retirees on time. (3) The Pension Board should set up Retirees Assistance Counseling and Welfare.

This study aims to identify collaboration problems cause of low income of cattle farmers in Bali cattle supply and to determine a root of the problems that vital to be improved. As many as 126 main actors of Bali cattle supply chain, consists of 96 cattle farmers and 26 traders (the dyadic relationship) in South Sulawesi Province used as the sample of respondents .Data collected using interview techniques with instrument questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGD). The data collected was analyzed with a relatively important index (RII) and cause-and-effect (fish bone diagram). Results of RII analysis show that the first important rank of collaboration problem cause low income farmers according to perception of cattle farmers was incentive alignment, while according to the traders was decision synchronization. From the focus group discussion, results of cause-and-effect analysis show that a root of the collaboration problem was decision synchronizing with incentives alignment. This a root of collaboration problem has agreed by the FGD participants that vital for improving and they recommended action plans such are developing trust and communication to reduce costs and increase revenue, and incentives alignment can be improved by applying a system based prices quality. The results of this study have important implications for the way in which to give contribution to the development of a collaboration theory in the local beef cattle industry and become a reference for the supply chain actors and local governments to improve Bali cattle supply chain management.

The people in an organization are the prime sources have to be effectively allocated and engaged in various affairs of business. Many Indian companies are handling innovative practices to motivate and retain their talented pool. It has to be assured by a systematic procedure which is called HR audit that is deliberate and detailed analysis of HR standards. This paper mainly emphasizes the HR practices of public and private companies and their styles of handling their employees and their set of norms, rules of regulations towards people. Organizations belong to private and public industries are differed based on their capabilities and their freedom to operate. This study aims to audit the HR practices of one public and private company. Instead of criticism auditing the HR practices of those is the main motive of the study. BSNL a government owned company and Reliance communication have taken for this study. Both companies are represented public and private respectively. Through this study, we could easily and visibly understand the framework made by both sectors towards their people. The difficulties and problems are common to them but in different extent. This paper is not one to compare each, reveal and audit the public and private company’s strengths and weaknesses towards their employees.

The financial services sector faced numerous challenges of a macro and market nature, even before the financial and economic downturn in 2008, which aggravated the competition among SMEs even further. The importance of possessing the correct skills for a business became increasingly important, placing a higher premium on the identifying and maintaining of proficient employees in SMEs. These required skills also became increasingly significant in the financial sector. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the qualifications held and skills required by SMEs in the financial services sector of South Africa in order to address the various regulatory issues and requirements. A non-probability quota sampling approach was used, where 32 small business respondents in the financial services sector participated in the study. The study revealed that South African SMEs in the financial services sector lack the necessary qualifications and skills required to successfully grow and develop their businesses.

The study sought to investigate the effect of leadership styles practiced in an organization and their effect on employee performance. The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of different leadership stylesautocratic, democratic, and participative style- on employee performance. The objectives that guided the study were; to investigate the effect of autocratic leadership styles affect employee performance, to investigate the effect of democratic leadership styles on performance and to analyze the effect of participative leadership styles on employee performance in an organization. The study followed the qualitative approaches, Secondary research will be integrated. The reason for this is to be able to provide adequate discussion for the readers that will help them understand more about the issue and the different variables that involve with it. On the other hand, sources in secondary research will include previous research reports, newspaper, magazine and journal content. Existing findings on journals and existing knowledge on books will be used as secondary research. The interpretation will be conducted which can account as qualitative in nature. To validate the research objective different scholarly views are presented of each independent variable effect on the dependent variable. At the end it was concluded that the autocratic leadership is useful in the short term and democratic leadership style is useful in all time horizon. And participation leadership style is most useful in long term and effect on employees is positive. At end some recommendations are discussed.

“Zakat”, the third pillar of Islam, is central in Islamic economic. It is a work of cult financial, purifies the soul and increases its merits, as it purifies the property and increases the wealth. It means etymologically, grow, propose, and be fair and clean. It reduces the gap between rich and poor. The importance of “Zakat” is revealed by the number of Qur’anic verses that advocate the necessity of Zakat. Study’s aims are to present Islamic banks andto determine the necessity of “Zakat” as a tool to ensure the socio-economic stability and ensure stabilization the phases of economic cycle.

In India it has been observed the weaker section has always been kept away from the banking fold because of their lower income and poor banking awareness. The weaker section is always in dearth of credit facilities at affordable cost and at the time of their need. The Indian Financial System is considered to be one of the best in the world yet the financial awareness and the availability of financial services is very less in the rural parts of India and especially to the weaker section, globally referred to as ‘bottom of Pyramid’. This segment needs financial assistance in order to sail them out of their conditions of poverty. Financial inclusion is intended to connect people to banks with consequential benefits. Financial Inclusion includes credit facilities, financial awareness, and knowledge about banking facilities and most importantly makes them financially literate. This paper intends to study the role of financial inclusion in bringing social change and alleviating poverty. It will study the measures taken by banks in rural areas to uplift the weaker segment and study the perception of the target segment regarding these measures. And lastly to suggest a model that will increase the efficiency of banks in this regard.

The study centered on Faith-Based Organizations and Development Initiatives of Women August Meeting in South-East Nigeria. The Catholics and Anglican religious women are the focus of the study. One hundred and fifty (150) of the women were sampled from Anambra, Enugu and Imo States of South-East Nigeria. Primary data were sourced through questionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from extant works. Data were analyzed through the use of percentages, crosstabs and ANOVA techniques. The result from the study showed that, the meeting involves women from all socio-economic strata. Meetings are held annually, with organized management structure and admission of only married women church members. They engage in development activities, prominent among which are women emancipation, ethical/moral training of women, conflicts management, church and community development. It is suggested that engendering development process approach in decision-making, the recognition and support of government, non-governmental organization and development-aid agencies can strengthen their activities.

The emphasis is on how organizations, agencies, parastatals, industries, and countries can get effective leadership style to achieve set goals. There are vacuum of true conscious leaders, whether in politics, religion, organization, business, education, sports or institutions. There is desperate need of competent, principle, sensitive, compassionate and conscious leaders. In this the research emphasis will be placed on the need to know what makes a leader and what makes a follower. Qualities that distinguish leaders from followers. The various styles of leadership and how goals can be set and achieved. This research is about the missing link in leadership styles, with impact on the performance of the follower or employee of an organization with focus on Nigeria organization.

It needs to be investigated if SME’s in Pakistan are accustomed to usage of internet. It is emphasized that major economies of the world are getting a sizeable contribution from E-Commerce. This study shall explore the penetration of E-commerce and readily acceptance or otherwise of E-commerce in SME’s Pakistan. How SME’s are increasing revenue, reducing cost and adoption of E-commerce as their business strategy.

This paper describes the development of recruitment control to a time dependent and promotion period. Current man power position to its desired position. Through planning, management strives to have the right number and the right kinds of people, at the right places, at the right time, doing things which result in both the organization and the individual in it. Three parameter generalized Pareto distribution is used to compute the expected time to reach the recruitment status of the organization and its variance is found. The analytical results are numerically illustrated by assuming specific distributions.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between market orientation and its three dimensions with firm performance. The study employed a cross sectional research design, using a structured questionnaire survey with a sample of 367 SMEs fully operational in Pakistan. A total of 213 valid questionnaires were completed and returned representing 58 per cent response rate. The results indicate that market orientation as a construct has a significant relationship and influence on performance of SMEs. Multiple regression results indicate that all the three dimensions of market orientation have significant influence on performance. The study will benefit SME managers, business practioners and government at various levels and will also serve as a frame of reference for future studies. Future recommendations are also provided for researchers.