Revue internationale de santé et de sécurité publiques

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Prevention Modality among Health Care Workers Regarding Hazards of Needle Stick and Sharp Object Injuries in Armed Force Referral and Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Lemessa J* and Selemon G

Introduction: Health care workers are frequently exposed to occupational hazards through percutaneous injury such as needle stick or cut with sharps, contact with the mucus membrane of eyes or mouth of an infected person, contact with non-intact skin exposed with blood or other potentially infectious body fluid. One of the potential hazards for healthcare workers (HCWS) is needle stick and sharp object injuries (NSSIs).

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices among health care workers on needle stick and sharp object injuries.

Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among HCWs in army force referral and teaching hospital AA, Ethiopia. Pre tested structured questionnaire were administered to health care workers on other hospital in the same professional. Data was entered in to a computer using EPI-3 Info version 5.4 and Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.

Results: The response rate of the survey was 99.3% and the results showed maximum participant were in the age group of 20-53 years. 97.2% of health care workers were aware of the fact that hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV could transmitted by needle-stick injuries. 82 (57.3%) had participated in any training related to infection prevention program. 40 (27.9%) and 38 (26.6%) were exposed blood /body fluids and had needle stick or sharp injuries in the last one year’s respectively. 104 (72.8%) were of the impression that needle should be recapped after used. 24 (16.8%) had been vaccinated against hepatitis B. The prevalence of NSSIs was highest among nurses 21 (55.5%) and injuries had occurred while sudden movement of the patient was the most common source of NSSIs.

Conclusion: The survey revealed that over all knowledge of health care workers about the risk associated with needle-stick injuries and use of preventive measures was adequate, however, the domains of attitude and practices need to be improved.