Journal des sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques

Vaccine development has always been a cornerstone of public health, offering protection against a wide range of infectious diseases. In recent years, advancements in biotechnology, immunology, and global collaboration have accelerated the development of vaccines, addressing both existing and emerging global health challenges. This article explores the current trends in vaccine development, highlighting innovative approaches, technological breakthroughs, and the efforts to combat pressing health issues worldwide. These nanoscale delivery systems can protect fragile antigens from degradation, ensure targeted delivery to immune cells, and potentially reduce the required dosage, making vaccines more effective and accessible. Nanoparticles can be engineered to deliver antigens and adjuvants with high precision, enhancing the immune response and improving vaccine efficacy. For example, nanoparticle-based vaccines for diseases like malaria and tuberculosis are currently in development, showing promising results in preclinical and early clinical trials.

Biomedical engineering, an interdisciplinary field combining principles of engineering, biology and medicine, has significantly advanced healthcare technology. These innovations are transforming diagnostics, treatment and patient care, improving both outcomes and quality of life. This article explores the latest biomedical engineering breakthroughs enhancing healthcare technology, delving into their implications and future prospects. One of the most impactful areas of biomedical engineering innovation is diagnostic technology. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and biomedical engineers have made significant strides in this domain. For instance, the development of advanced imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has revolutionized the ability to visualize internal body structures and functions. These technologies provide detailed images of soft tissues, enabling early detection of conditions like cancer, neurological disorders and cardiovascular diseases.

Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases to treat effectively, primarily due to the ability of cancer cells to develop resistance to various therapeutic agents. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying this drug resistance is crucial for developing more effective treatments and improving patient outcomes. Drug resistance in cancer therapy can be classified into two broad categories: intrinsic resistance, where cancer cells are inherently resistant to treatment and acquired resistance, where initially sensitive cancer cells develop resistance over time. This article explores the key biological mechanisms contributing to drug resistance in cancer therapy. One of the primary mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer is the alteration of drug targets. Many cancer therapies, particularly targeted therapies, are designed to interfere with specific proteins or pathways critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation.

Background: Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a painkiller that is popular throughout the world because it does not irritate the stomach. Paracetamol was first discovered to have both analgesic and antipyretic properties in the late nineteenth century. The aim of present work was to Formulate, develop and evaluate Paracetamol Tablets by Moisture Activated Dry Granulation (MADG) process to short manufacturing time and process variables as compared with convention process.

Method: Colloidal anhydrous silica is used in the formulation to absorb the extra moisture present in the MADG process formulation. A total number of five formulations were prepared and weight of all tablets kept constant. i.e. 595 mg.

Result: All the formulations resulted in acceptable limit. The final batch F3 (contained PVPK 3% and Kollidon 90F 4%) considered as optimized batch which gives the release up to 95.38% in 30 min. All Pre-compression parameters like Carr’s Index, Hausner’s Ratio and Angle of Repose met the standard values indicating good flow properties. The average weight, friability and hardness were within compendia limits. Drug content uniformity was within acceptable limits. The result of stability study of the batch F3 showed that there was no significant change in Hardness, Friability, In-vitro Disintegration time, The optimized formulation batch F3 showed better drug release profile with other formulations.

Conclusion: The PCM tablets prepared by MADG process had advantages such as short manufacturing time and few critical formulation and process variables when compared with convention wet granulation process.