Journal de génétique et génomes

Genetics Revealed: From DNA to Inheritance

Abstract

Yeonhee Choi

Genetics forms the cornerstone of modern biological understanding, unraveling the intricate mechanisms that govern inheritance from one generation to the next. This paper explores the journey from DNA, the fundamental molecule of heredity, to the inheritance of traits across organisms. Beginning with an exploration of DNA's structure and function, the paper delves into the principles of genetic inheritance, including Mendelian genetics, gene expression, and epigenetics. It examines how genetic variation arises and contributes to the diversity of traits within populations, emphasizing the role of mutations, recombination, and gene regulation. The paper reviews key milestones in genetic research, from Gregor Mendel's pioneering work to the latest advancements in molecular genetics and genomics. Furthermore, it discusses the implications of genetic discoveries for medicine, agriculture, and conservation efforts, highlighting both the promises and ethical considerations of genetic technologies. By synthesizing historical insights with contemporary research findings, this paper illuminates how genetics continues to reveal the mysteries of inheritance, paving the way for future breakthroughs in biological sciences and beyond. The abstract provides a concise summary of the paper, outlining the scope, methodology, findings, and implications of the study on genetics, focusing on the journey from DNA to inheritance.